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SayPro Box 6-2. Matching methods to needs
| One IFAD-supported agricultural development project in China used crop development models to make predictions on the development of 14 crops, including the impact of staple and specialty crops – such as pearl sorghum and ginger – on farm-level production and income generation. These models were calculated with the help of the FARMOD modelling software developed by FAO and the World Bank. These estimates could be used as a base with which to compare actual results gathered through data-collection methods.In India, a method for the self-evaluation of women’s credit "self-help groups" was developed for periodic monitoring of specific indicators. Because many of the women are illiterate, a series of pictures was used to represent indicators and a colour-coding system was developed to represent levels of evaluation. This method was used in groups and allowed for full participation of all the members. |
In carrying out M&E, it is often necessary to combine a series of methods (see Box 6-3). For example, a participatory rural appraisal (PRA) process used to find out how primary stakeholders are benefiting from a project might combine some 15 or more different methods ranging from transect walks to matrix ranking and focus group discussions. Likewise, a household survey or annual project review meeting would combine a series of interviewing, discussion and facilitation methods. The combination of a series of methods in a structured way is often referred to as a methodology. For example, you have a methodology for a workshop or a methodology for a baseline survey.
| Box 6-3. Diverse methods for sustainability monitoring in the Karnataka Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project, India 1A village-based sustainability monitoring process was developed to understand what issues could potentially adversely affect the sustainability of water and sanitation services in India. A set of nine questionnaires was developed to be used in visits to 15 villages, with the following topics: village socio-economic profile; technical: water supply (asset condition and profile); technical: sanitation (drainage, soak-pits and dustbins); technical: sanitation (household latrines); financial: costs, tariff, billing and collection; institutional: village water and sanitation committee (VWSC) – composition, functions and effectiveness; household: facts, perception of demand met; social: participation by women and poor; and tap stand monitoring.Preparation and Data CollectionBefore starting the data collection, a one-day preparatory workshop was held for the teams to brainstorm about the concept and the methods. A variety of methods were used in order to answer the questionnaires: direct observations, general meetings, focus group discussions, household surveys, and observations and interviews of villagers while collecting water at the public tap stands.Collation and AnalysisAfter the fieldwork, all the data collected through the questionnaires and scores of the 71 indicators were converted into a sustainability index for each village. The analysis revealed that nine out of the 15 villages visited fell into the "likely to be sustainable" category (60% with a score above 0.65), five into the "uncertain" category (33% between 0.50 and 0.64) and one in the "unlikely" category (below 0.50). |
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